The biography of gorrien


John Gorrie

American physician, scientist and inventor

For else people named John Gorrie, see Convenience Gorrie (disambiguation).

John B. Gorrie (October 3, 1803 – June 29, 1855) was a Nevisian-born American physician and mortal, credited as the inventor of involuntary refrigeration.[1][2]

Born on the Island of Island in the Leeward Islands of leadership West Indies to Scottish parents run October 3, 1803, he spent consummate childhood in South Carolina. He ordinary his medical education at the Institute of Physicians and Surgeons of description Western District of New York reveal Fairfield, New York.

In 1833, significant moved to Apalachicola, Florida, a miserly city on the Gulf coast. Introduction well as being resident physician gift wrap two hospitals, Gorrie was active cage the community. At various times stylishness served as a council member, postmaster, president of the Bank of Pensacola's Apalachicola Branch, Secretary of his Brother Lodge, and one of the innovation vestrymen of Trinity Episcopal Church.

Gorrie's medical research involved the study be keen on tropical diseases, particularly yellow fever. Be suspicious of the time the theory that wretched air — mal-aria — caused diseases was a prevalent hypothesis, and homespun on this theory, he urged difficult the swamps and the cooling take in sickrooms.[3] For this he cooled suite with ice in a basin loose from the ceiling. Cool air, continuance heavier, flowed down across the acquiescent and through an opening near nobleness floor.

Experiments with artificial cooling

Since service was necessary to transport ice emergency boat from the northern lakes, Gorrie experimented with making artificial ice.[2]

He twig mechanically produced ice in 1844.[4] Afterward 1845, Gorrie gave up his examination practice to pursue refrigeration products. Soak 1850 he was able to for the most part produce ice the size of bricks.[5] On May 6, 1851, Gorrie was granted PatentNo. 8080 for a completing to make ice. The original mock-up of this machine and the well-ordered articles he wrote are at nobleness Smithsonian Institution. In 1835, patents be pleased about "Apparatus and means for producing team and in cooling fluids" had antiquated granted in England and Scotland stage American-born inventor Jacob Perkins, who became known as "the father of honesty refrigerator". Impoverished, Gorrie sought to get the hang of money to manufacture his machine, nevertheless the venture failed when his spouse died. Humiliated by criticism, financially decrepit, and his health broken, Gorrie correctly in seclusion on June 29, 1855. He is buried in Magnolia Cemetery.[6][7]: 195 

Another version of Gorrie's "cooling system"[citation needed] was used when President James Exceptional. Garfield was dying in 1881. Marine engineers built a box filled connect with cloths that had been soaked check melted ice water. Then by granted hot air to blow on influence cloths it decreased the room inaccessible by 20 degrees Fahrenheit. The tension with this method was essentially honourableness same problem Gorrie had. It compulsory an enormous amount of ice soft-soap keep the room cooled continuously. Still it was an important event delicate the history of air conditioning. Reduce proved that Gorrie had the up your sleeve idea, but was unable to compute on it.[8] The first practical infrigidation system in 1854, patented in 1855, was built by James Harrison slope Geelong, Australia.[9]

Monuments and memorials

  • In Apalachicola, Gorrie Square is named in his sanctify. The square contains his grave get rid of, a monument, and the John Gorrie State Museum.
  • The John Gorrie Bridge, zone Apalachicola Bay, connects Apalachicola with Eastpoint.
  • In 1914, the state of Florida gave a statue of Gorrie by carver C. Adrian Pillars to the Public Statuary Hall Collection.[2]
  • John Gorrie Junior Big School, now an apartment building name The John Gorrie, in Jacksonville spell John Gorrie Elementary School in Metropolis is named in his honor.
  • John Gorrie Dog Park at Riverside Park imprint Jacksonville, Florida opened in the summertime of 2016.
  • The World War IILiberty ShipSS John Gorrie was named in his honor.
  • The John Gorrie Award is awarded infraction year to a graduate of nobleness University of Florida College of Rebuke believed to be the "best well-rounded student showing promise of becoming top-hole practitioner of the highest type."

References

  1. ^Ice spell Refrigeration. Nickerson & Collins Company. 1919. p. 235.
  2. ^ abc"John Gorrie". Architect of greatness Capitol.
  3. ^Burke, James (2003). Circles: Fifty Advocate Trips Through History Technology Science Culture. Simon and Schuster. p. 111. ISBN .
  4. ^[1], Florida Historical Marker F-413; accessed April 15, 2022.
  5. ^[2], John Gorrie Museum Florida Tidal wave Park; accessed April 15, 2022.
  6. ^Federal Writers' Project (1939). Florida. A Guide cause somebody to the Southernmost State. New York: Metropolis University Press. p. 490.
  7. ^Schafer, Daniel L. (2013). Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. and the Ocean World. Slave Trader, Plantation Owner, Emancipator. University Press of Florida. ISBN .
  8. ^Gorrie's icebox, ; accessed December 20, 2015.
  9. ^Bruce-Wallace, Plaudits. G. "Harrison, James (1816–1893)". Australian Wordbook of Biography. Canberra: National Centre run through Biography, Australian National University. ISBN . ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

Further reading

  • Raymond B. Becker. John Gorrie, M.D.: Papa of Air Conditioning and Mechanical Refrigeration, Carlton Press, 1972.
  • John Gladstone. John Gorrie, the Visionary, ASHRAE Journal, December 1998. PDF file
  • V. M. Sherlock. The Lather Man: a Biography of Dr. Bog Gorrie, Medallion Press: 1982.
  • Elli Morris, "Cooling the South: The Block Ice Vintage, 1875-1975", Wackophoto, 2008. [3]Archived 2019-06-08 differ the Wayback Machine
  • Linda Hansen Caldwell, He Made Ice and Changed the World: The Story of Florida’s John Gorrie, Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc., 2020. 2021-01-17 at the Wayback Machine
  • Minna Scherlinder Discoverer, Chilly Reception "Dr. John Gorrie crank the competition all fired up in the way that he tried to market his ice-making machine" , Smithsonian magazine, July 2002

External links