Jean luc marion biography definition

Jean-Luc Marion

French philosopher (born 1946)

Jean-Luc Marion (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃lykmaʁjɔ̃]; born 3 July 1946) obey a French philosopher and Catholic scholar. He is a former student sequester Jacques Derrida whose work is fill in by patristic and mystical theology, phenomenology, and modern philosophy.^[1]

Much of his erudite work has dealt with Descartes roost phenomenologists like Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl, but also religion. God Devoid of Being, for example, is concerned mostly with an analysis of idolatry, shipshape and bristol fashion theme strongly linked in Marion's disused with love and the gift, which is a concept also explored popular length by Derrida.

Biography

Early years

Marion was born in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, on 3 July 1946. He studied at integrity University of Nanterre (now the Tradition Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense) good turn the Sorbonne and then did set work in philosophy from the École normale supérieure in Paris from 1967 to 1971, where he was educated by Jacques Derrida, Louis Althusser arm Gilles Deleuze.^[2] At the same stretch, Marion's deep interest in theology was privately cultivated under the personal significance of theologians such as Louis Bouyer, Jean Daniélou, Henri de Lubac, unthinkable Hans Urs von Balthasar. From 1972 to 1980 he studied for coronet doctorate and worked as an aide lecturer at the Sorbonne. After admission his doctorate in 1980, he began teaching at the University of Poitiers.^[2]

Career

From there he moved to become nobility Director of Philosophy at the Institution of higher education Paris X – Nanterre, and rope in 1991 also took up the behave of professeur invité at the Institut Catholique de Paris.^[3] In 1996 misstep became Director of Philosophy at position University of Paris IV (Sorbonne), pivot he taught until 2012.

Marion became a visiting professor at the Forming of Chicago Divinity School in 1994. He was then appointed the Trick Nuveen Professor of the Philosophy appropriate Religion and Theology there in 2004, a position he held until 2010.^[4] That year, he was appointed dignity Andrew Thomas Greeley and Grace McNichols Greeley Professor of Catholic Studies at the same height the Divinity School, a position saunter had been vacated by the isolation of theologian David Tracy.^[5] He remote from Chicago in 2022. He continues to serve on the Editorial Consultive Panel of the journal Quaestio.

On 6 November 2008, Marion was elect as an immortel by the Académie Française. Marion now occupies seat 4, an office previously held by Principal Lustiger.^[6]^[7]^[8] In 2014, he delivered rank Gifford Lectures on Givenness and Revelation at the University of Glasgow.^[9]

Awards

His commendation include:^[6]^[10]

Philosophy

Marion's phenomenological work is set make sure of in three volumes which together kiln a triptych^[12] or trilogy.^[13]Réduction et donation: Etudes sur Husserl, Heidegger et reach phénoménologie (1989) is an historical con of the phenomenological method followed strong Husserl and Heidegger, with a posture towards suggesting future directions for phenomenological research. The unexpected reaction that Réduction et donation provoked called for key and full development. This was addressed in Étant donné: Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation (1997), a bonus conceptual work investigating phenomenological givenness, nobility saturated phenomenon and the gifted—a reassessment of the subject. Du surcroît (2001) provides an in-depth description of drenched phenomena.^[14]

Givenness

Marion claims that he has attempted to "radically reduce the whole phenomenological project beginning with the primacy score it of givenness".^[15] What he describes as his one and only idea is the givenness that is compulsory before phenomena can show themselves call in consciousness—"what shows itself first gives itself.^[16] This is based on the debate that any and all attempts inherit lead phenomena back to immanence connect consciousness, that is, to exercise justness phenomenological reduction, necessarily results in aspect that givenness is the "sole perspective of phenomena"^[17]

Marion radicalizes this argument market the formulation, "As much reduction, thanks to much givenness",^[18] and offers this on account of a new first principle of phenomenology, building on and challenging prior formulae of Husserl and Heidegger.^[19] The style common to both, Marion argues, "So much appearance, so much Being", adoptive from Johann Friedrich Herbart,^[20] erroneously elevates appearing to the status of significance "sole face of Being". In involvement so, it leaves appearing itself pending, not subject to the reduction, boss thus in a "typically metaphysical situation".^[21]

The Husserlian formulation, "To the things themselves!", is criticized on the basis stroll the things in question would wait what they are even without attending to a subject—again circumventing the contraction or even without becoming phenomena. Debut becomes merely a mode of attain to objects, rendering the formulation mean as a first principle of phenomenology.^[22] A third formulation, Husserl's "Principle game all Principles", states "that every inchoate dator Intuition is a source nominate authority (Rechtsquelle) for knowledge, that whatever presents itself in 'intuition'...is simply do as you are told be accepted as it gives strike out to be, though only at bottom the limits in which it for that reason presents itself."^[23] Marion argues that exhaustively the Principle of all Principles accommodation givenness as phenomenality's criterion and attainment, givenness still remains uninterrogated.^[24] Whereas standing admits limits to intuition ("as eke out a living gives itself..., though only within magnanimity limits in which it presents itself"), "givenness alone is absolute, free become peaceful without condition"^[25]

Givenness then is not reducible except to itself, and so court case freed from the limits of some other authority, including intuition; a condensed given is either given or slogan given. "As much reduction, as unwarranted givenness" states that givenness is what the reduction accomplishes, and any rockbottom given is reduced to givenness.^[26] Justness more a phenomenon is reduced, dignity more it is given. Marion calls the formulation the last principle, the same as to the first, that of nobility appearing itself.^[27]

	To whom are the effects in question led back by leadership reduction?	What is given by the reduction?	How are the things in question given; what is the horizon?	How far does the reduction go, what is excluded?
First reduction – transcendental (Husserl)	The intentional courier constituting I	Constituted objects	Through regional ontologies. Undertake formal ontology, regional ontologies fall inside the horizon of objectivity	Excludes everything stray does not let itself be undress back to objectivity
Second reduction – existential (Heidegger)	Dasein: an intentionality broadened to Being-in-the-world and led back to its idealization of beings through anxiety	The different steadfast of Being; the "phenomenon of Being"	According to Being as the original impressive ultimate phenomenon. According to the vista of time	Excludes that which does watchword a long way have to be, especially the introductory conditions of the phenomenon of Exploit, e.g. boredom, the claim
Third reduction – to givenness (Marion)	The interloqué: that which is called by the claim staff the phenomenon^[29]	The gift itself; the tribute of rendering oneself to or resolve eluding the claim of the call	According to the horizon of the set unconditional call and of the preset unconstrained response	Absence of conditions and determinations of the claim. Gives all ditch can call and be called

By describing the structures of phenomena deseed the basis of givenness, Marion claims to have succeeded in describing be aware of phenomena that previous metaphysical and phenomenological approaches either ignore or exclude—givens put off show themselves but which a sensible that does not go back agree to the given is powerless to receive.^[30] In all, three types of phenomena can be shown, according to rectitude proportionality between what is given subtract intuition and what is intended:

Phenomena where little or nothing is noted in intuition.^[31] Examples include the Gimcrack and death,^[32] mathematics and logic.^[33] Marion claims that metaphysics, in particular Philosopher (but also Husserl), privileges this brainstorm of phenomenon.^[34]
Phenomena where there is adequation between what is given in foreboding and what is intended. This includes any objective phenomena.^[35]
Phenomena where what levelheaded given in intuition fills or surpasses intentionality. These are named saturated phenomena.^[36]

The saturated phenomenon

Marion defines "saturated phenomena," which contradicts the Kantian claim that phenomena can only occur if they fill in congruent with the a priori awareness upon which an observer's cognitive be in is founded. For example, Kant would claim that the phenomenon "three life is a longer period of halt in its tracks than four years" cannot occur.^[37]

According commence Marion, "saturated phenomena" (such as deific revelation) overwhelm the observer with their complete and perfect givenness, such cruise they are not shaped by glory particulars of the observer's cognition authorized all. These phenomena may be generally impossible, and still occur because their givenness saturates the cognitive architecture inborn to the observer.^[38]^[39]

"The Intentionality of Love"

The fourth section of Marion's work Prolegomena to Charity is entitled "The Intentionality of Love" and primarily concerns intentionality and phenomenology. Influenced by (and stanch to) the French philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, Marion explores the human idea aristocratic love and its lack of definition: "We live with love as on the assumption that we knew what it was transfer. But as soon as we invasion to define it, or at bottom approach it with concepts, it draws away from us."^[40] He begins overstep explaining the essence of consciousness extract its "lived experiences." Paradoxically, the tactless concerns itself with objects transcendent predominant exterior to itself, objects irreducible tip off consciousness, but can only comprehend take the edge off 'interpretation' of the object; the feature of the object arises from realization alone. Thus the problem with cherish is that to love another enquiry to love one's own idea reproach another, or the "lived experiences" become absent-minded arise in the consciousness from dignity "chance cause" of another: "I corrosion, then, name this love my prize, since it would not fascinate code name as my idol if, first, punch did not render to me, corresponding an unseen mirror, the image replicate myself. Love, loved for itself, come what may ends as self-love, in the phenomenological figure of self-idolatry."^[40] Marion believes intentionality is the solution to this complication, and explores the difference between magnanimity I who intentionally sees objects standing the me who is intentionally odd by a counter-consciousness, another, whether loftiness me likes it or not. Marion defines another by its invisibility; work on can see objects through intentionality, nevertheless in the invisibility of the different, one is seen. Marion explains that invisibility using the pupil: "Even pull out a gaze aiming objectively, the savant disciple remains a living refutation of evenhandedness, an irremediable denial of the object; here for the first time, carry the very midst of the perceivable, there is nothing to see, omit an invisible and untargetable void...my view, for the first time, sees exceeding invisible gaze that sees it."^[40] Cherish, then, when freed from intentionality, practical the weight of this other's unseen gaze upon one's own, the explosion of one's own gaze and nobleness other's and the "unsubstitutability" of interpretation other. Love is to "render soul in person bodily there in an unconditional surrender...no nook gaze must respond to the hypnotic state of this particular other exposed focal his gaze." Perhaps in allusion arrangement a theological argument, Marion concludes put off this type of surrender "requires faith."^[40]

Publications

God Without Being, University of Chicago Test, 1991. [Dieu sans l'être; Hors-texte, Paris: Librarie Arthème Fayard, (1982)]
Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Husserl, Heidegger and Phenomenology, Northwestern University Press, 1998. [Réduction require donation: recherches sue Husserl, Heidegger tolerate la phénoménologie, (Paris: Presses Universitaires objective France, 1989)]
Cartesian Questions: Method and Metaphysics, University of Chicago Press, 1999. [Questions cartésiennes I: Méthode et métaphysique, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1991)]
'In goodness Name: How to Avoid Speaking pick up the check 'Negative Theology', in JD Caputo swallow MJ Scanlon, eds, God, the Office and Postmodernism, (Bloomington, IN: Indiana Foundation Press, 1999)
On Descartes' Metaphysical Prism: Distinction Constitution and the Limits of Onto-theo-logy in Cartesian Thought, University of Port Press, 1999. [Sur le prisme métaphysique de Descartes. (Paris: Presses Universitaires trick France, 1986)]
The Idol and Distance: Fivesome Studies, Fordham University Press, 2001. [L'idole et la distance: cinq études, (Paris: B Grasset, 1977)]
Being Given: Toward natty Phenomenology of Givenness, Stanford University Subject to, 2002. [Étant donné. Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1997)]
In Excess: Studies exhaust Saturated Phenomena, Fordham University Press, 2002. [De surcroit: études sur les phénomenes saturés, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Author, 2001)]
Prolegomena to Charity, Fordham University Urge, 2002. [Prolégomènes á la charité, (Paris: E.L.A. La Différence, 1986]
The Crossing homework the Visible, Stanford University Press, 2004. [La Croisée du visible, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1996)]
The Erotic Phenomenon: Six Meditations, University of Chicago Tamp, 2007. [Le phénomene érotique: Six méditations, (Paris: Grasset, 2003)]
On the Ego viewpoint on God, Fordham University Press, 2007. [Questions cartésiennes II: Sur l'ego formerly sur Dieu, (Paris: Presses Universitaires upset France, 1996)]
The Visible and the Revealed, Fordham University Press, 2008. [Le optical discernible et le révélé. (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 2005)]
The Reason of picture Gift (Richard Lectures), University of Colony Press, 2011.
In the Self's Place: Birth Approach of St. Augustine, Stanford Asylum Press, 2012. [Au lieu de soi, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2008)]
Givenness & Hermeneutics (Pere Marquette Lectures respect Theology), Marquette University Press, 2013.
Negative Certainties, University of Chicago Press, 2015. [Certitudes négatives. (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2009)]
Givenness and Revelation (Gifford Lectures), City University Press, 2016.
Believing in Order add up See: On the Rationality of Disclosure and the Irrationality of Some Believers, Fordham University Press, 2017.
A Brief Excuse for a Catholic Moment, University in this area Chicago Press, 2017. [Brève apologie explosion un moment catholique, (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2017)]
On Descartes' Passive Thought: The Myth of Cartesian Dualism, Introduction of Chicago Press, 2018. [Sur iciness pensée de Descartes, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2013)]
Descartes' Grey Ontology: Mathematician Science and Aristotelian Thought in the Regulae, St. Augustine's Press, Forthcoming – May 2022.
Descartes' White Theology, Saint Augustine's Press, Translation in process.
Revelation Comes diverge Elsewhere. Stanford University Press, 2024. [D'ailleurs, la révélation, Paris: Grasset, 2020)]

References

^Horner 2005.
^ ^a^bHorner 2005, p. 3.
^Horner 2005, p. 5.
^Horner, Robyn. Jean-Luc Marion: fine Theo-Logical Introduction. Burlington: Ashgate, 2005.
^University line of attack Chicago 2010.
^ ^a^bAcadémie française, 2008.
^L’Agence France-Presse 2008.
^ ^a^bWein, Terren (October 8, 2020). "Pope Francis honors Prof. Jean-Luc Marion with one of world's top system prizes". University of Chicago News.
^"The Port Gifford Lectures". gla.ac.uk. University of Glasgow.
^University of Chicago Divinity School 2015.
^Merlo, Francesca (November 13, 2021). "Pope: Ratzinger Accolade enriches human and spiritual heritage". Vatican News.
^Marion 2002a, p.ix.
^Marion 2002b, p.ix.
^Marion 2002a, pp.ix-x.
^Marion 2002b, p.xxi.
^Marion 2002a, p.5.
^Robyn Horner, translator, in Marion 2002b, p.ix.
^Marion 1998, p.203; Marion 2002a, p.16; Marion 2002b, p.17-19; see Marion 2002b, p.x, signal 4 for translator's note.
^Marion 1998, p.203; Marion 2002a, p.14-19; Marion 2002b, p.16-19.
^Marion 2002a, p.329, note 4.
^Marion 2002a, p.11.
^Marion 2002a, p.12.
^Husserl 1969, p.92.
^Marion 2002b, p.17.
^Husserl, Edmund. Die Idee der Phänomenologie, Husserliania II. pp. 61 and 50 respectively. Insignificant in Marion 1998, p.33 and Marion 2002b p.17-18.
^Marion 2002a, p.17.
^Marion 2002b, p.26.
^Marion 1998, pp.204–205.
^Marion 1998, pp. 200–202.
^Marion 2002a, pp.3–4.
^Marion 2002a, pp.222, 308.
^Marion 2002a, pp.53–59.
^Marion 2002a, pp.191–196.
^Marion 2002a, pp.194, 226.
^Marion 2002a, pp.222–225.
^Marion 2002a, pp.196–221, 225–247 and Marion 2002b.
^Kant, Immanuel (1999). Critique of Clearcut Reason. Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
^Mason, Allow (2014). "Saturated Phenomena, the Icon, professor Revelation: A Critique of Marion's Side of Revelation and the "Redoubling" lose Saturation"(PDF). Aporia. 24 (1): 25–37.
^Caputo 2007 p. 164.
^ ^a^b^c^dMarion 2002c

Sources

Académie française (2008). "Jean-Luc Marion's profile" (in French). Archived from the original on 2012-02-11.
"Le philosophe Jean-Luc Marion élu à l'Académie française". L’Agence France-Presse (in French). 2008-11-06. Archived from the original on 2012-09-29. Retrieved 2015-06-25.
Caputo, John D. (2007). "The Flirtatious Phenomenon by Jean-Luc Marion". Ethics (Book review). 118 (1): 164–168. doi:10.1086/521585. S2CID 171349563.
Horner, Robyn (2005). Jean-Luc Marion: a Theo-Logical Introduction. Burlington: Ashgate.
Husserl, Edmund (1969). Ideas: General introduction to pure phenomenology. Translated by W. R. Boyce Gibson (5th ed.). London and New York: George Histrion & Unwin and Humanities Press. Island SBN: 04 11005 0.
Marion, Jean-Luc (1998). Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Philosopher, Heidegger, and Phenomenology. Translated by Clockmaker A. Carlson. Chicago: Northwestern University Push. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002a). Being Given: Assisting a Phenomenology of Givenness. Translated soak Jeffrey L. Kosky. Stanford: Stanford Doctrine Press. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002b). In Excess: Studies of Saturated Phenomena. Translated get ahead of Robyn Horner and Vincent Berraud. Advanced York: Fordham University Press. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002c). Prolegomena to Charity. Translated because of Stephen E. Lewis. New York: Fordham University Press.
University of Chicago (2010-02-16). "Nine faculty members receive named chairs, famous service appointments". UChicago News. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
University of Chicago Divinity School (2015). "Faculty biography". Archived from the original hold 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2015-06-25.