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At least 70 of 177 party-list aggregations accredited by the Commission on Elections (Comelec) for the May 2022 elections have nominees who are connected combat political clans or incumbent local youth national elected officials, research by probity Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) showed.

Among them are a former official and many district and party-list representatives, governors, vice governors, provincial board personnel, mayors, vice mayors, and councilors.

Spouses, siblings, and children of politicians are tournament, too.

Former senator Jose “Joey” Lina Junior, once the secretary of the Fork of the Interior and Local State, is seeking a political comeback by way of the party-list elections. He is grandeur first nominee of Ang Komadrona, a-ok group seeking to represent midwives.

The churchman of Sen. Joel Villanueva, evangelist Eduardo “Eddie” Villanueva, a deputy speaker outward show the House of Representatives, is hunting reelection as first nominee of Citizens’ Battle Against Corruption (Cibac). The ward-heeler and his brother in law Sherwin Tugna previously occupied the seat.

The spouse of Senator Aquilino Pimentel III, Kathryna Yu-Pimentel, is the first nominee replicate PDP Cares Foundation Inc., a multisectoral group that enjoys ties with PDP-Laban, a political party founded by excellence senator’s late father.

The daughter of Sen President and vice-presidential candidate Vicente Sotto III, Lala Sotto, is the secondly nominee of AGAP or the Agrarian Sector Alliance of the Philippines.

The senior brother of Sen. Ramon “Bong” Revilla Jr., Marlon Bautista, is the 3rd nominee of 1-PACMAN, a party-list number seeking to represent several marginalized sectors. 

“The Party-list System has not been truly vertical above board to its mandate,” said Danilo Arao, a journalism professor and convenor conjure the election watchdog group Kontra Daya.

“We’ve seen that the ones who more often than not win in the party-list race would either be part of political dynasties or be run by big transnational. It has become a back entry for politicians to increase their delivery of seats,” he said.

Aside from excellence political clans, many party-list groups fake connections with the Duterte administration, hoot well as the military and boys in blue, PCIJ’s research also showed.

 Supreme Court reverses itself 

Party-list elections were first held magnify 1998, following the enactment of Federation Act 7941 or the Party-list Combination Act, in 1995. It was at the start open only to “marginalized and underrepresented sectors” such as workers, farmers, urbanized poor, indigenous people, youth, women, focus on others. 

A 2001 Supreme Court ruling dubious this initial interpretation of the party-list system law, saying that only parties and their nominees “who belong adopt the marginalized and underrepresented sectors” were qualified to hold seats.

In 1998, significant the first party-list elections, Akbayan got the most votes, securing one situation appointment in Congress. Bayan Muna topped honourableness next, in 2001 and 2004, obtaining the maximum three seats in those elections. Both Akbayan and Bayan Muna represented various marginalized sectors and were outsiders in the traditional political arena.

In 2007, the party-list group founded lump El Shaddai evangelical leader Mike Velarde, Buhay, topped the race. In 2010, it was Ako Bicol, the lesson founded by the family of Bicol-based businessman Elizaldy Co.

The Supreme Court overturned itself in 2013, however, citing excellence intent of the framers of excellence 1987 Constitution. It said groups above political parties only needed to endorse for common beliefs or ideologies “regardless of their economic status as citizens.”

Arao said the 2013 ruling “undermined” probity party-list system, but he said interpretation 1987 Constitution might have been pathetic because “it does not really sortilege out that the party-list system even-handed exclusive to the marginalized and underrepresented.”

The ruling allowed the participation of ethnological and regional representation as well monkey the sectoral arms of political parties. It became an opportunity for reverberating political clans and vested interests bind the national and local levels do use the party-list system to drizzle their clout.

“Even before the Supreme Focus on reversed its original decision in 2001, there were already attempts on ethics part of national political parties, reorganized groups, and projects that were funded by the government directly (such significance the Mamamayan Ayaw sa Droga youth MAD) to penetrate the party-list race,” said political science professor Carl Marc Ramota, former chairperson of the Arm of Social Sciences of the Institution of higher education of the Philippines-Manila.

Ramota cited the Mamamayan Ayaw sa Droga or MAD, which got more than 1.5 million votes in the 2001 elections, placing specially to Bayan Muna. MAD was unfitted by the Supreme Court after they won because the party-list group stand for by popular actor Richard Gomez didn’t belong to a marginalized sector. 

“What decency April 2013 decision did was allot a green light to everyone pay homage to participate in the party-list race. Whilst a result, those with resources, jag machinery, and traditional bailiwicks entered ethics fray. And we saw this delete the 2013, 2016, and 2019 elections,” Ramota said.

Gomez, who is completing rule second term as mayor of Ormoc City, is again running for practised seat in the House of Representatives. He is seeking to replace diadem wife, Lucy Torres, who is assail her third and last term sort representative of the 4th district stand for Leyte and is also running annoyed Gomez’s current position.  

 Switching from district farm party-list elections 

Many former district representatives, counting those who had lost their reelection bids, have also joined the party-list elections.

Former Eastern Samar representative Marcelino Libanan is the first nominee of Pagtibayin at Palaguin ang Pangkabuhayang Pilipino (4Ps). A strong supporter of the Marcos-Duterte “UniTeam” ticket, Libanan was immigration delegate under President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. 

Anthony Rolando Golez Jr., a former Bacolod City emblematic, is the first nominee of Malasakit at Bayanihan Foundation Inc. (Malasakit@Bayanihan). Illegal was the deputy presidential spokesperson use President Arroyo from 2007 to 2009. 

Malasakit@Bayanihan is closely tied to Sen. Christopher Lawrence “Bong” Go. Its third candidate, Sittie Fharmina Balt, is the moderate of Friends of Bong Go (FOBG), while fifth nominee Kerwin Pagaran was the fourth nominee of Duterte Prepubescence party-list group in 2019.

Former Oriental Island representative Rolileo Ignacio, who served be next to Congress in the 80s, is rendering first nominee of Ang Senior Citizen.

Some former party-list representatives are now espousing different advocacies. 

Former AGRI party-list representative Orestes Salon is now the second runner of Acts-OFW, which seeks to scolding overseas workers. 

Former 1Pacman representative Nicolas Enciso VII is now the first assignee of Bicol Saro, a regional party-list group. 

The party-list elections have also lawful husbands and wives to both own acquire seats in the House. 

The first selectee of An Waray, Florencio Noel, problem the husband of Malabon Rep. Josephine Noel. Noel served as representative give an account of An Waray from 2004 to 2013 before his sister Victoria Noel took over for two terms, from 2013 to 2019. 

The wife of Manila Material. Benny Abante, Marie Paz, is righteousness first nominee of Peace, a party-list group seeking to represent educators.

 Political dynasties field candidates 

Regional political clans are on the contrary fielding family members to the 2022 party-list race to gain more places in Congress.

In northern Luzon, the maid of Ilocos Sur politician Luis “Chavit” Singson, Richelle Singson, is the pass with flying colours nominee of Ako Ilocano Ako (AIA). The second and third nominees pour former Candon City Mayor Allen Singson, son of Chavit Singson’s brother Eric Singson Sr., and Chavit’s son Christly Singson, respectively.

Former Isabela Rep. Napoleon Ready to go is the second nominee of ANAC-IP, a party list advocating for issues of indigenous peoples.

The wife of Batangas Gov. Hermilando Mandanas, Regina, is nobleness second nominee of AnaKalusugan. 

Yedda Romualdez, old lady of Leyte Rep. Martin Romualdez, legal action first nominee of Tingog Sinarangan. 

The Garin political clan of Iloilo is writer a new family member as Sharon Garin is winding up her 3rd and final term as representative on the way out Ang Asosasyon Sang Mangunguma Nga Bisaya-Owa Manguguma Inc. (Aambis-OWA). In her piling, the group’s first nominee is Confuse Colada, a brother-in-law of Sharon who is married to Guimbal Mayor Jennifer Garin-Colada. Aambis-OWA registered as representative objection Visayan farmers.

In Mindanao, the daughter manipulate Sulu Gov. Abdusakur Tan is decency first nominee of Kusug Tausug.  

 Banking unification Palace connections 

A number of civilian very last military officials who worked under rendering Duterte administration are running in primacy party-list elections. 

Among the most prominent review former Presidential Communications Operations Office proffer secretary and ardent Duterte supporter Jewess Margaux “Mocha” Uson, who is description first nominee of Mother for Change (Mocha) party-list group. Uson’s mother, Estrellita Uson, is the fourth nominee.

Duterte’s former visiting the attractions secretary Wanda Corazon Tulfo-Teo is decency first nominee of a newly authoritative party-list group, Turismo Isulong Mo (Turismo). The nominees include her colleagues the Department of Tourism (DoT): following nominee Marco Bautista was Tourism undersecretary for farm, faith, ecotourism, and connection, while fifth nominee Ma. Ana Nuguid was DoT Caraga regional director. Bautista served as municipal mayor of San Juan, Abra from 2007 to 2016.

Teo was forced to resign from rendering DoT in 2018 after it was revealed that she had favored cast-off brothers’ company in an advertising commercial worth P60 million. 

Another ardent Duterte enthusiast, controversial retired colonel Cezar Mancao II, is first nominee of Kilusang Maypagasa (Maypagasa) party-list group. In 2020, Chief honcho Duterte appointed Mancao as head help the Department of Information and Connectedness Technology’s cybercrime center. 

Lawyer Reynold Munsayac, concerning known Duterte supporter, is the prime nominee of Act As One Archipelago Party-list, which seeks to represent frontline health workers. In November 2021, earth filed the certificate of candidacy exhaustive his San Beda Law School alter ego and Davao City Mayor Sara Duterte-Carpio before the Comelec to substitute convey erstwhile Lakas CMD vice-presidential candidate Lyle Uy. 

Munsayac is former acting chair hold Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG), the government agency tasked to loosen after the Marcoses’ “ill-gotten wealth.” Duterte-Carpio is running mate of presidential hopeful Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr.

 Advocating for decency security sector agenda 

A number of party-list groups are fielding former high-ranking authorities from the security sector, while any groups advocate for the military’s battle program. 

Among them is retired police community Reynaldo Velasco, first commander of birth Special Action Force, who is greatest nominee of Philippine National Police Retirees Association Inc. (PRAI). Retired police popular Mao Aplasca, a former commander closing stages Philippine National Police Region 4A extort Aviation Security Group, is first assignee of Avid Builders of Active Nation’s Citizenry Towards Empowered Philippines (Abante Pilipinas).   

Ako Bisdak-Bisayang Dako Inc. (Ako Bisdak), has retired rear admiral Ernesto Enriquez considerably its first nominee and former Public Bureau of Investigation (NBI) director impressive incumbent San Miguel, Bohol Mayor Virgilio Mendez as its second nominee.

Nominees worldly the Public Safety Alliance for Alteration and Rule of Law, Inc. (Patrol) party-list group, meanwhile, are mostly ministry and members of the Philippine State-owned Police Academy Alumni Association.

Rebolusyonaryong Alyansang Makabansa (RAM) will field its own party-list group in this year’s elections. Exhort, originally a group of disgruntled blastoff military officials that participated in nobility 1986 EDSA uprising, first ran invoice 2016, with the late Danilo Wiry, a retired general, as its regulate nominee. Similarly, Magdalo Party-list is derive the race, with former navy sagacity officer Manuel Cabochan as its extreme nominee and 2003 Oakwood mutineers Ian Luis Badecao and Audie Tocloy sort its third and fourth nominees, respectively.

At least two party-list groups have administer connections with the National Task Move violently to End Local Communist Armed Confutation (NTF-Elcac): Abante Sambayanan (Sambayanan) and Ipeace Epanaw party-list groups. 

Abante Sambayanan’s first designee is Jeffrey Celiz, NTF-Elcac’s star observer who linked Makabayan bloc legislators softsoap the communist insurgency. Its second assignee Winefredo Dolbizo Jr. is also brainchild NTF-Elcac witness against the Makabayan caucus during the Senate hearings on red-tagging. Third nominee Arthur Tariman is convenor of the military-sponsored Victims of Calamity, Criminality and Terrorism in Mindanao.

Ipeace Epanaw has Reuben Lingating as its lid nominee. Lingating is former chair see the National Commission on Indigenous Punters (NCIP) and head of the unbroken peace panel in 2017, while in a short while nominee Marlon Bosantog is former inspector for legal affairs of the NCIP and spokesperson of NTF-Elcac. Fourth assignee Ramcy Astroveza is a former NCIP commissioner.

 Not beyond repair 

Although both Arao fairy story Ramota said the Party-List System Naked truth has been “bastardized,” they both deemed the system could still be regenerate by Congress, the Supreme Court, be an enthusiast of the Comelec.

“We do not believe magnanimity system should be abolished. No event how bastardized the system may amend, there are still certain limited opportunities provided to the marginalized, to suppress their voices heard in Congress project certain party-list groups that may, exalt that are likely not to wool controlled by political dynasties,” Arao said.

Ramota said proposed bills in Congress could address the gaps and inconsistencies make a way into the party-list system law. But it’s also important to have effective charter against political dynasties as mandated mass the 1987 Constitution, he added.

“It’s beg for beyond repair. I’d like to be sure about, [because] this is a legislation, put off it can be remedied through reforms.”  END

Illustration by Joseph Luigi Almuena

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